China's economic, industrial development targets by 2025
China had released a series of guidelines via the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) and the related ministries regarding its economic and industrial devel...
China had released a series of guidelines via the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) and the related ministries regarding its economic and industrial development targets during the 14th Five-Year Plan period (2021-2025) by the end of 2021.
NDRC also highlighted the key missions in the macro-economy sectors on December 25 through 20 posts covering GDP, energy consumption, carbon emission, unemployment rate, urbanization, and energy production.
The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, on the other hand, listed the development plans for the country's raw materials industry including oil and petrochemical, steel, nonferrous and construction materials, emphasizing the few general principles including reasonable growth in added value, optimizing location, and striving for safer, greener, higher-quality development, as reported.
Below is an incomplete summary of some key elements and the table will be updated accordingly with new information found or new releases of government policies.
| Item | 14th Five-Year Plan period targets (by 2025) | 13th Five-Year Plan period achievements (by 2020) |
| GDP | -To maintain a reasonable growth rate, specific annual targets to be finalized based on actual situation | -6.7%, 6.9%, 6.6%, 6.1% and 2.2% over 2016-2020 |
| Energy consumption/carbon dioxide emission per unit GDP | -Energy consumption down 13.4-14.2%, or 13.5% to be more specific -Carbon dioxide emission down 18% by 2025 or down 17.6% annually over 2021-2030 to hit the 65% reduction target by 2030 from 2005 | -Energy consumption down 13.2% from 2015 -Carbon dioxide emission reduced by 18.8% from 2015, or down 48.4% from 2005 |
| Good air-quality days (Air Quality Index or AQI below 100) | -87.5% | -82% by 2019 from 76.7% by 2015, and 87% for 2020 due to less industrial activity with COVID-19 outbreaks |
| Unemployment rate | -Within 5.5% of 770 million work population | -5%, 4.9%, 5.2% and 5.2% over 2017-2020 |
| urbanization | -Over 65% by 2025 or with over 70 million added to township population | -By 2019, urbanization increased to 60.6% from 56.1% by 2015 |
| Energy | -Energy consumption at 5.45-5.5 billion tonnes of standard coal, self-sufficiency at 84% or equivalent to 4.6 billion tonnes of standard coal -China's raw coal output at 4.2 billion tonnes, oil at 200 million tonnes, natural gas at 230 billion cu m, and non-fossil energy supply equivalent to 1.1 billion tonnes of standard coal (translated to 4.7 billion tonnes of standard coal in total) for the 84% self-sufficiency -Non-fossil energy consumption at 20% of the country's total by 2025 and 25% by 2030 -Solar and wind power installed capacity at 1.2 billion kW with wind a 400-450 million kW and solar 600-650 million kW, hydro 380 million kW, and nuclear at 70 million kW, non-fossil energy supply equivalent to 1.1 billion tonnes of standard coal | -Energy output at 4.02 billion tonnes of standard coal by 2020 from 3.62 billion tonnes by 2015, with self-sufficiency at 80.7% by 2020 from 83.4% by 2015 -Non-fossil energy consumption grew to 15.9% by 2020 from 12% by 2015 |
| Raw materials industry | -R&D investment at 1.5% and above at crucial raw materials, incubate 5-10 leading companies -Step up exploitation of iron ore, copper and Potassium and low-grade ore processing technology -Intensify efforts in domestic resources exploration, diversify supply channels, and explore overseas investment opportunities | R&D investment at 0.9% by 2020 from 0.76% by 2015 |
| New energy vehicles (NEVs) | 20% of the annual new auto sales | -The world's No.1 in NEVs sales, production and ownership over 2016-2020 |
| Steel | -Energy consumption down 2% per tonne of steelmaking -Old for new capacity swap ratios also apply to Finex, Corex and HIsmelt technologies, new capacities to be equal or lower than the old quotas -Encourage electric-arc-furnace steelmaking -Scrap utilization in steelmaking to exceed 30% | -A total of 150 million t/y steelmaking capacity eliminated -Energy consumption per tonne of steelmaking down 4.7% -Scrap utilization approximated 220 million tonnes, or 20.9% in steelmaking by 2020 against 10.4% by 2015 -Sulphur dioxide emission down 46% from 2015 |
| Nonferrous | -Carbon emission down 5% for aluminum smelting, and production process towards clean energies including wind and hydro from the original thermal power -Prevent blind and haphazard development in copper and alumina smelting, with all new and upgrading projects hitting ultra-low waste emission and energy consumption requirements -Support recycling of aluminum, copper, lithium, nickel, cobalt, tungsten, and molybdenum, with secondary aluminum and copper at 20% and 35% of the total output | -Aluminum power consumption being 6.9% lower than global average |
| Construction materials (cement) | -Energy consumption down 3.7% from 2020 per tonne of cement | -Top 10 cement producers accounted for 58% of the country's total production -Carbon dioxide emission down 16.5% from 2015 in terms of per Yuan 10,000 added value in construction material |
Written by Hongmei Li, li.hongmei@mysteel.com
This article has been published under an exchange agreement between MySteel Global and SteelMint.
